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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact: Cassie Larson cassie@mnla.biz, (651) 633-4987
Quick Guide to Perennials
What are perennials and how are they used?
Flowering Perennials are typically herbaceous (non-woody) plants that die to the ground in fall and come up again in spring. Technically, perennials are defined as plants that live three years or longer. In contrast, an annual is a non-woody plant that only lives for one growing season and has to be replanted each spring. Certain low-growing perennials make effective ground covers in the landscape and a wide array of perennials are of value for cut-flowers, both fresh and dried.
Selecting perennials
Most perennials are selected on the basis of their light requirements, overall height and spread as well as bloom period. Equal attention should be given to foliage characteristics such as leaf color and texture, disease resistance and fall color. Many perennials are native to the Midwest , however, many are from other regions of the world and may not perform as well here so keep this mind when considering your selection. Native plants are well adapted to local climate and undisturbed soils, but the soils and microclimates of many landscape sites have been radically altered from their natural states. Some non-natives have been included in the lists specifically for their ability to succeed in different urban and suburban sites. A number of them have been bred or selected for their broader range of color, form, and texture. Keep in mind that some of the horticultural characteristics that make plants successful in the landscape may also make them aggressive. This is true for both native and non-native plants. This does not necessarily make such plants bad, and it is the responsibility of each of us to match plant selections to site conditions.
Soil preparation
Good soil preparation is the key to success with perennials since they will occupy their spot in the garden for several years. Most perennials prefer a well-drained soil that is high in organic matter. With heavy soils that may drain poorly, you may consider raising the area to improve drainage. For heavy or light soils, incorporating garden compost, well-rotted manure or peat into the top 8 to 12 inches will increase the organic matter and aid in drainage and soil aeration.
Mulching
Organic mulches such as wood chips, shredded bark, or leaves are beneficial in many ways. They help provide a cool, moist soil that perennials prefer, help to reduce weeds, allow perennials to spread, and help in overwintering by reducing frost penetration into the soil. For winter, a 4-6" mulch of leaves, marsh hay or straw will provide protection for shallow rooted perennials like mums, shasta daisies, delphiniums, etc. Rock mulches restrict the spreading of perennials.
Dividing perennials
Many perennials benefit from being divided periodically. If permitted to go undivided, they become crowded, lost their vigor and become vulnerable to diseases. Iris, daylilies, and lilies are some of the perennials that benefit from being divided about every three years. Other perennials may never need dividing. Consult your local garden center if you are unsure as to what varieties need dividing.
Designing a perennial bed
Designing a perennials bed can be an enjoyable experience. For the beginner, it may seem a bit overwhelming, but keep in mind that if you are not happy with the initial planting scheme, it can always be changed. Obtaining, for the first time, perennials that will give you a good mix of seasonal bloom, color and the proper heights, can be difficult even for an experienced gardener. It is usually best to start with a plan. Take time to sketch out a drawing of what you'd like to accomplish. Then take this to your local garden center and ask for their advice on specific plant selections.
Quick reference perennials ist
This "Quick Reference Perennials List" was compiled by Minnesota Nursery & Landscape professionals to help you get started or add to your existing perennial garden! These lists in combination with advice from a Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association professional will help you decide which plants will enhance your site while continuing to protect the environment.
Editor's Notes: Add a local angle to this article by interviewing local plant specialists. For a list of garden centers in your area visit www.GardenMinnesota.com.
There are several photos available to run with this story. Please e-mail cassie@mnla.biz and the photos will be forwarded to you. The cutlines for the photos appear below:
Photo #1: Rudbeckia 'Goldsturm' with ornamental grasses.
Photo #2: A summer garden filled with blooming Daylilies.
Photo #3: A lovely shade garden highlighted by Japanese Hakone Grass.
To find a garden center or landscape professional in your area, visit Minnesota's on-line gardening resource, GardenMinnesota.com.
The Minnesota Nursery & Landscape Association is the state's largest green industry trade association with more than 1,500 member businesses including garden centers; landscape contractors and designers; tree and flower growers; irrigation contractors; and lawn, tree, and garden services.
This web site is provided as a service to consumers by members of the Minnesota Nursery and Landscape Association ( MNLA)